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Plant Biology

Artikelen

  • Two pepper leaves side by side, with mottled yellow-green tissue on the left and a more uniformly green leaf on the right.

    Before You Add Anything, Learn to Read the Plant

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Yellowing, mottling and distorted growth can have several causes. Learn how crop history, irrigation checks, root-zone conditions, symptom patterns and targeted testing can help you...

  • Farmer using a backpack sprayer and handheld lance among rice plants in a field.

    Foliar Feeding vs Root-Zone Feeding: When Does Each Make Sense?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Roots provide the foundation of plant nutrition, while foliar feeding offers an additional route for targeted applications. Explore how nutrients enter leaves, why formulation and...

  • Gloved hands holding a young cannabis plant with an intact root ball and visible white roots above a larger pot outdoors.

    The Root System: The Foundation of Plant Performance

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Roots do much more than absorb water and nutrients. They explore the growing medium, influence its chemistry and interact with microorganisms. When a plant grows...

  • Close-up of a strawberry with uneven red colouring and pale white areas.

    Albino Strawberries: Why Does the Fruit Stay White?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    White fruit in normally red strawberry cultivars tells a story about calcium delivery, nutrient balance and fruit development. Explore where silicon fits, and what the...

  • Whitefly on the underside of a leaf, with amber arrows overlaid along the central vein to illustrate plant signalling.

    Plant Defence Doesn’t Follow Simple Rules

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Salicylic acid for sap feeders, jasmonic acid for chewing insects? Useful starting points, but not fixed rules. Aphids, whiteflies and hormone crosstalk reveal how plants...

  • Diagram of plant roots with magnified rod-shaped bacteria around root hairs and arrows illustrating exchanges in the root zone.

    How Do Bacillus Bacteria Help Plants?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Bacillus bacteria can influence nutrient availability, root growth and plant defence, but their effects depend on the strain and growing conditions. Discover how root colonisation,...

  • Light micrograph of a stained root tip showing purple cell layers around the rounded root cap and the growing tissue behind it.

    The Root Cap: More Than Just Protection

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    The root cap protects the growing point, senses gravity and contributes to the rhizosphere. Explore how cell renewal and auxin dynamics maintain this small but...

  • Conceptual illustration of a cannabis plant and exposed roots, with magnified views of cell walls and a leaf hair containing golden deposits.

    Silicon in Plants: Food, Biostimulant or Structural Tool?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Silicon can become part of a plant’s structure, but its role goes beyond mechanical support. Explore research in cannabis and other crops, its connection with...

  • Plant diagram with magnified views of microorganisms inside tissues, on a leaf and around roots, labelled endosphere, phyllosphere and rhizosphere.

    Three Hidden Worlds Around, On and Inside Your Plant

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Roots, leaves and internal tissues provide different habitats for microorganisms. Explore the rhizosphere, phyllosphere and endosphere, and why where a microbe lives matters as much...

  • Man reacting to a bitten red chilli while holding a smoking joint, with a plate of chillies and a glass of milk on the table.

    What Do Hot Peppers and Cannabis Have in Common?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Hot peppers and cannabis invest in very different compounds for a similar purpose: interacting with their environment. Explore capsaicin, cannabinoids and specialised metabolism, and why...

  • Illustration of a plant with yellowing, damaged leaves and visible insects, between dry cracked soil and rain-soaked ground.

    Do Plants Get Stressed Out?

    · Maarten Casteleijn

    Plant stress is a physiological response to environmental conditions or biological challenges, not an emotion. Explore abiotic and biotic stress, acclimation, priming and stress memory,...